The relationship between artificial intelligence and human rights is being probed. In particular, artificial intelligence is being used in many different frames. Its impact is being assessed, in order to act upon in cases where violations of human rights occur.
Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights: The Review So Far
A significant number of companies and public administrations in Europe, already deploy AI related technologies in their activities; and, this is a phenomenon that escalates. However, the AI implementation has brought into attention human rights breaches that need attention. Here are some human rights that are facing challenges:
Privacy and data protection: Respect towards these two standalone rights is imperative; especially, the personal data protection. Apparently, data protection occurred with the introduction of technology to our lives. It is vital to preserve and safeguard our personal “space” that correlates to our individuality. Guarding privacy and data protection extend to other human rights that are pertinent to freedom of thought, expression, among others. Furthermore, cases of personal data sharing need attention, as there are possibilities of breached security.
Equality and non-discrimination: Other issues brought to attention, with the use of AI applications, are human rights related to equality and non-discrimination. These gaps revolve around religions and gender.
Human dignity: Obviously, in the analogy between AI and human, AI technology is being used as a facilitator to human life. Hence, in any case we should not forget that human is the epicenter in this correspondence. The first article of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is about the non-negotiable right of human dignity. This particular right, has been brought as a parameter to be taken into account. In addition, there were infringements recognized that are correlated to the right to life and to integrity.
Justice: This is another frame that operates with AI contribution. However, there have been obstacles related to accessibility and availability.
Finally, it should be noted that there is no clear legislative frame, pertinent to artificial intelligence and human rights, except GDPR.
Artificial Intelligence as a Support Mechanism to Migration
An additional use of artificial intelligence technologies is for crises support, related to the international migration phenomenon.
In particular, effective migration management is imperative, in cases of mass migration. AI can operate as a mapping tool that can trace gaps in reception facilities; other applications are oriented towards integration of migrants; customized legal provisions, among others. Apparently, it is a frame that should examine potential human rights violations.
In conclusion, as anything new, the period of adaptation may be challenging. In particular, the artificial intelligence algorithms are created by people; hence, there is a possibility of mistake. The AI technologies need to be observed in order to progress and to be integrated to our service. It is a subject under investigation and in need to map and assess its consequences.
easyRights is a project materialized under the H2020 programme. It is an initiative that is aiming to empower immigrants, by enabling them to know and exercise their human rights. Finally, cutting-edge technologies of artificial intelligence will be deployed to enhance this aim.